Box Type Power Distribution Station

TOONICE’s Box-type substation (referred to as “substation” for short) is a compact integrated power distribution equipment that integrates high-voltage switchgear, distribution transformers, low-voltage distribution equipment, and intelligent control systems into one unit. It features modular design, factory prefabrication, and rapid deployment, and is widely used in urban and rural power grids, industry, new energy, and other fields.

I. Core Composition and Working Principle

A box-type substation is usually composed of three parts: a high-voltage compartment, a transformer compartment, and a low-voltage compartment:

1. High-voltage compartment: It contains high-voltage switchgear (such as load switches, circuit breakers, fuses), busbars, and protection devices. It is responsible for connecting to high-voltage power sources (typically 10kV/35kV) and enabling on-off control and fault protection of circuits.
2. Transformer compartment: It houses a distribution transformer (oil-immersed or dry-type). Via the principle of electromagnetic induction, it converts high-voltage electrical energy into low-voltage electrical energy (e.g., 400V). It is also equipped with a temperature control system (such as cooling fans that start and stop automatically) to ensure stable operating temperature.
3. Low-voltage compartment: It integrates low-voltage distribution cabinets, reactive power compensation devices (such as capacitor banks), metering equipment, and an intelligent monitoring system. It is responsible for distributing low-voltage electrical energy to end-users and achieving power quality optimization (such as power factor compensation) and data monitoring.

II. Core Technical Features

1. High Integration and Factory Prefabrication

All equipment is assembled and debugged in the factory. On-site, only basic installation and cable connection are required, shortening the construction period to 5–8 days and saving over 70% of the time compared with traditional substations. For example, a 35kV box-type substation with a single 4000kVA main transformer saves more than 1 million yuan in civil engineering investment compared with a conventional substation.

2. Intelligence and Automation

It is equipped with a microcomputer integrated automation system and supports four-remote functions (telemetry, teleindication, remote control, and remote regulation), enabling unattended operation. For instance, an intelligent box-type substation monitors parameters like temperature, humidity, and partial discharge in real time via IoT sensors, predicts equipment health status using AI algorithms, and reduces fault response time to within 10 minutes.

3. Strong Environmental Adaptability

The enclosure is made of aluminized zinc steel plate or stainless steel, with protection ratings ranging from IP33 (conventional) to IP65 (coastal/industrial areas). It can operate stably in extreme environments from -40℃ to +40℃. For example, stainless steel enclosures in coastal projects can resist salt spray corrosion, extending service life to over 25 years.

4. High Space Utilization Rate

The floor area is only 1/10 to 1/5 of that of traditional substations. Taking a 4000kVA single main transformer as an example, a box-type substation covers about 300m² in total, while a conventional substation needs 3000m². This makes it particularly suitable for areas with tight land resources, such as city centers and industrial parks.

III. Typical Application Scenarios

1. Urban and Rural Power Grid Renovation

It replaces traditional civil engineering substations to solve power supply bottlenecks in urban areas with dense loads. For example, an 800kVA European-style box-type substation is adopted in a certain urban community, covering an area of only 20m². Meanwhile, it supports intelligent electricity meter data collection and remote meter reading.

2. New Energy Field

① Distributed Photovoltaic: A 10kV photovoltaic European-style step-up station integrates an SCB14-type dry-type transformer (with a conversion efficiency of 98.5%) and an SVG dynamic reactive power compensation device. It can maintain the power factor above 0.95 and realize islanding protection and anti-reverse power flow control via an intelligent monitoring system.
② Electric Vehicle Charging: The capacity of the box-type substation is calculated based on the power of charging piles and the coincidence factor. For example, 10 sets of 120kW DC fast charging piles need to be matched with a 1600kVA box-type substation (formula: capacity = total power × coincidence factor ÷ power factor × redundancy factor).

3. Industry and MiningIn harsh environments such as mines and factories, the fully enclosed structure of the box-type substation can effectively resist dust, vibration, and corrosive gases. For example, a certain mine uses an American-style box-type substation with an IP65 protection rating, which supports low-temperature startup at -30℃ to ensure continuous production power supply.
4. Temporary Power Supply and Emergency GuaranteeThe modular design supports quick installation and relocation, suitable for temporary power supply scenarios such as construction sites and large-scale events. For example, a construction project adopts a movable box-type substation, which completes installation and power transmission within 1 hour to meet the temporary power demand of 200kW equipment.